The Parisian club has now won the season-opening trophy on 14 separate occasions.
The Parisian giants required a stoppage-time leveler followed by a successful penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions victory.
The European champions appeared to be coasting towards a comfortable win in the showdown featuring the French league champions and the French Cup holders after the French winger found the scoring early on.
Yet, Marseille fired twice late to seize a surprise advantage. Initially, the English forward scored from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a vital equaliser in the final seconds to send the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, saving decisive attempts from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all scored with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a 4-1 shootout victory.
Now 14-time winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the 12th time in the last thirteen years.